Guides

Employment law
guides.

If something has gone wrong at work, these guides explain what the law actually says — and what you can do about it. Free, plain English, no law degree required. Applies to England, Wales and Scotland. Information only — not legal advice.

Use the filters below to find guides by topic — covering unfair dismissal, discrimination, redundancy, pay, whistleblowing, grievances, and more.

48 guides

How Likely Is My Employment Claim to Settle? The Data

Around 79% of employment tribunal cases never reach a hearing. See the official ACAS data on when and how often claims settle — and what it means for yours.

settlement statisticsemployment claim settleACAS conciliation

7 min read

Breach of Employment Contract by Your Employer: Your Rights and Options

Your employer has broken the terms of your contract. Find out what counts as a breach, your six options, and the three-month deadline you cannot afford to miss.

breach of contractemployer breach of contractemployment contract

10 min read

Can My Employer Change My Contract? Your Rights Explained

Your employer cannot change your employment contract without your agreement. Learn when changes are lawful, what to do if one is imposed, and your legal options.

breach of contractcontract changesvariation of contract

10 min read

Breach of Employment Contract by Your Employer: What You Can Do

Your employer changed your pay, hours, or dismissed you without notice. Find out what counts as breach of contract, what you can claim up to £25,000, and the 3-month time limit to act.

breach of employment contractemployer breach of contractwrongful dismissal

10 min read

Unpaid Wages Claim UK: How to Get What You're Owed

Not been paid? Learn how to claim unpaid wages in the UK. Covers unlawful deductions, time limits, ACAS, tribunal claims, and what evidence you need. No qualifying period required.

Disciplinary & Dismissalunpaid wagesunlawful deductionwages claim

8 min read

Dismissed Without Notice: Your Rights

Sacked without notice? You may have a wrongful dismissal claim. Learn when dismissal without notice is lawful, what compensation you can claim, and how to take action. No 2-year service needed.

Disciplinary & Dismissaldismissed without noticewrongful dismissalnotice pay

9 min read

Notice Period Rights Explained

Everything you need to know about notice periods at work. Covers statutory minimums (1 to 12 weeks), contractual notice, PILON, garden leave, sick pay during notice, and what happens if your employer breaks the rules.

Disciplinary & Dismissalnotice periodnotice period rightsstatutory notice

9 min read

What Will Happen in My Working Time Claim? Highest Win Rate at Hearing

Working time up 58% to 1,503 claims. 11% win at hearing (highest). 13% default judgment. 24% ACAS settle. Mean 26 weeks (joint fastest).

Employment Tribunalsworking timeholiday payemployment tribunal

7 min read

Gross Misconduct Examples: What Counts and What Doesn't

What counts as gross misconduct at work? See common examples including theft, violence, and fraud — plus what doesn't qualify. Know your rights before a disciplinary hearing.

Disciplinary & Dismissalgross misconductgross misconduct examplesdisciplinary procedure

8 min read

Fired for Gross Misconduct: What Are My Rights?

Been dismissed for gross misconduct? You still have rights. Learn what you keep, what you lose, how to challenge an unfair dismissal, and what to do next. UK guide.

Disciplinary & Dismissalgross misconductfired for gross misconductsummary dismissal

9 min read

Constructive Dismissal Examples: When You're Forced to Resign

Common constructive dismissal examples: unpaid wages, demotion, bullying, contract changes, and more. Learn the legal test, the 'last straw' principle, and how to build your case.

Disciplinary & Dismissalconstructive dismissalconstructive dismissal examplesforced resignation

10 min read

What Will Happen in My Redundancy Pay Claim? 10% Win Rate at Hearing

Redundancy pay up 68% to 620 claims. 10% win at hearing (2nd highest), 15% default judgment (highest), 17% ACAS (lowest). Mean 28 weeks. £719 cap.

Employment Tribunalsredundancy paystatutory redundancyemployment tribunal

7 min read

What Will Happen in My Pregnancy Discrimination Case? Highest Settlement Rate

Pregnancy discrimination up 68% to 387 claims. 41% ACAS settle (highest of any claim). 94% resolved without hearing. No qualifying service needed.

Employment Tribunalspregnancy discriminationmaternity discriminationemployment tribunal

7 min read

What Will Happen in My Sex Discrimination Case? 92% Never Reach a Hearing

Sex discrimination up 65% to 1,176 claims. 32% ACAS settle, 0% won at hearing Q2. 92% resolved without hearing. Mean 30 weeks.

Employment Tribunalssex discriminationsexual harassmentemployment tribunal

7 min read

What Will Happen in My Race Discrimination Case? Data from 1,276 Claims

Race discrimination up 60% to 1,276 claims. 31% ACAS settle, 1% win at hearing. 96% resolved without hearing. Mean 33 weeks. Backlog up 281%.

Employment Tribunalsrace discriminationracial discriminationemployment tribunal

8 min read

What Will Happen in My Breach of Contract Case? The Only Claim Type Declining

Breach of contract fell 4% to 1,631 claims in Q2 2025/26, the only decline. 8% win at hearing, 7% default judgment, 27% ACAS settle. Mean 30 weeks. £25,000 cap.

Employment Tribunalsbreach of contractwrongful dismissalemployment tribunal

7 min read

What Will Happen in My Unpaid Wages Claim? 2,460 Claims Per Quarter

Unauthorised deductions is the 3rd most common claim with 2,460 filed in Q2 2025/26. 9% win at hearing (among the highest), 13% default judgment, 25% ACAS settle. Mean 26 weeks.

Employment Tribunalsunpaid wagesunauthorised deductionsemployment tribunal

7 min read

What Will Happen in My Whistleblowing Case? Claims Doubled in 12 Months

Whistleblowing claims doubled in 12 months to 1,546 in Q2 2025/26. 30% settle via ACAS, 0% won at hearing in Q2. Backlog up 298%. See the full data.

Employment Tribunalswhistleblowingpublic interest disclosureemployment tribunal

8 min read

What Will Happen in My Disability Discrimination Case? 2,987 Claims and Growing

Disability discrimination claims are up 80%, with 2,987 filed in Q2 2025/26. 35% settle via ACAS (highest of any discrimination type), 1% win at hearing, 90% never reach a hearing.

Employment Tribunalsdisability discriminationemployment tribunaltribunal outcomes

7 min read

What Will Happen in My Unfair Dismissal Case? The Data Behind 4,766 Claims

Unfair dismissal is the most common tribunal claim, with 4,766 filed in Q2 2025/26. 32% settle via ACAS, 3% win at hearing, 82% never reach a hearing. See the full data.

Employment Tribunalsunfair dismissalemployment tribunaltribunal outcomes

7 min read

Employment Tribunal Backlog Hits 25,000: What This Means for Your Claim

The tribunal backlog reached 25,267 single claims in Q2 2025/26, up 234% in a year. Mean clearance time is 28 weeks. See the data by claim type and what it means for you.

Employment Tribunalsemployment tribunaltribunal waiting timestribunal backlog

7 min read

What Actually Happens to Employment Tribunal Claims? The Real Outcomes

Only 4% of tribunal claims succeed at hearing. 30% settle via ACAS. See the real outcome data by claim type, including settlement rates, success rates, and what gets struck out.

Employment Tribunalsemployment tribunaltribunal outcomesACAS settlement

7 min read

UK Employment Tribunal Claims Hit Record Levels in 2025

UK employment tribunal claims rose 57% in a year, with 9,131 single claims filed in Q2 2025/26. Disability claims up 80%, whistleblowing doubled. See the full data breakdown.

Employment Tribunalsemployment tribunaltribunal statisticsunfair dismissal

6 min read

ACAS Early Conciliation: What It Is, How It Works, and What to Expect

Complete guide to ACAS early conciliation. Covers how the process works, time limits and clock-stop rules, what you can settle for, COT3 agreements, and when you need a solicitor.

Disciplinary & Dismissalacasearly conciliationsettlement

10 min read

Gross Misconduct: What It Means and What You Can Do About It

What is gross misconduct and what are your rights if you are accused? Learn about the disciplinary process, summary dismissal, and how to challenge an unfair outcome. UK employment guide.

gross misconductsummary dismissaldisciplinary process

9 min read

Without Prejudice Meaning: What It Means for You at Work

What does 'without prejudice' mean at work? Learn how it protects settlement discussions, when it applies, and what to do if your employer uses it. Clear UK employment guide.

without prejudicesettlement agreementprotected conversation

8 min read

Employment Tribunal Claims: What You Need to Know (UK)

Key facts about employment tribunal claims in the UK. Covers who can claim, time limits, ACAS early conciliation, the ET1 form, what happens at a hearing, possible outcomes, and how the Employment Rights Act 2025 changes the system.

Unfair Dismissalemployment tribunaltribunal claimET1 form

14 min read

Basic Award for Unfair Dismissal: How It's Calculated

The basic award for unfair dismissal is calculated using your age, complete years of service, and weekly gross pay (subject to a statutory cap). This guide explains how tribunals calculate the basic award, what can reduce it, how redundancy pay affects it, and how the Employment Rights Act 2025 fits into the picture.

Disciplinary & Dismissalunfair dismissalbasic awardtribunal compensation

10 min read

What Evidence Do You Need to Prove Unfair Dismissal?

To prove unfair dismissal, you need evidence showing your employer lacked a legally fair reason or failed to follow a reasonable dismissal process. This guide explains what employment tribunals actually look for, how evidence is assessed, and how the Employment Rights Act 2025 affects unfair dismissal claims.

Disciplinary & Dismissalunfair dismissalemployment tribunaldismissal evidence

15 min read

Compensatory Award for Unfair Dismissal: What You Could Get

What could you get if you win an unfair dismissal claim? This guide explains the compensatory award in plain English — what it covers, how the cap works (£118,223 or 52 weeks' pay), and the common reasons tribunals reduce it.

Disciplinary & Dismissalcompensatory award unfair dismissalunfair dismissal compensationcompensatory award cap

15 min read

Unfair Dismissal Examples: Real Cases Explained

Worried your dismissal was unfair? This guide explains unfair dismissal examples from real tribunal cases — showing what went wrong in common scenarios and what evidence mattered.

Disciplinary & Dismissalunfair dismissal examplesunfair dismissal casesreal unfair dismissal examples

12 min read

60 Grounds for Automatic Unfair Dismissal: Complete List 2025

Automatic unfair dismissal covers around 60 legally protected grounds where dismissal may be unlawful regardless of service length or process followed. This guide explains what automatic unfair dismissal is, lists every protected ground, shows how tribunals assess causation, and explains how Employment Rights Act 2025 changes strengthen these protections.

Unfair Dismissalautomatic unfair dismissalunfair dismissal groundsprotected activities

13 min read

Whistleblowing at Work: Your Rights and Protections

Understand your whistleblowing rights under UK law. Learn what counts as a protected disclosure, who is protected, compensation (uncapped), time limits, and how to report wrongdoing safely.

whistleblowingwhistleblowing at workprotected disclosure

8 min read

The 5 Fair Reasons for Dismissal: What Your Employer Must Prove

Learn the 5 fair reasons for dismissal under UK law and what your employer must prove for each. Understand how to challenge capability, conduct, redundancy, statutory illegality, and SOSR dismissals.

5 fair reasons for dismissalfair reasons for dismissalcapability dismissal

6 min read

Unfair Dismissal Under 2 Years: Can You Still Claim?

Can you claim unfair dismissal with less than 2 years service? Yes, in some cases. Learn about automatically unfair dismissal, discrimination, wrongful dismissal, and the ERA 2025 changes.

unfair dismissal under 2 yearsunfair dismissal less than 2 years2 year rule

6 min read

Wrongful vs Unfair Dismissal: The Key Differences for UK Employees

Understand the key differences between wrongful and unfair dismissal in the UK. Learn qualifying periods, time limits, compensation caps, and when you can claim both. Updated for ERA 2025.

wrongful dismissalunfair dismissalwrongful vs unfair dismissal

9 min read

Automatic Unfair Dismissal: A Guide for UK Employees

Complete UK guide to automatic unfair dismissal. Learn which dismissals may be unlawful from day one (pregnancy, whistleblowing, health and safety, trade union), how to prove your case, compensation (including uncapped awards), interim relief, and time limits. Updated for ERA 2025.

Disciplinary & Dismissalautomatic unfair dismissalautomatically unfair dismissalunfair dismissal without 2 years

12 min read

Why Are Employment Tribunal Claims Struck Out?

Strike out rates range from 2-8% depending on claim type. The biggest reasons: not having 2 years' service for unfair dismissal (32%), not responding to the tribunal (14%), and not attending hearings (12.5%). Most strike outs are avoidable – responding to tribunal letters, meeting deadlines, and checking eligibility before you claim can protect your case.

Employment Tribunalsemployment tribunalstrike outunfair dismissal

9 min read

Can My Employer Change My Contract Without My Agreement? UK Guide 2025

Your employer cannot unilaterally change fundamental contract terms without your consent. Learn when contract changes are lawful, what counts as breach of contract, and exactly what to do to protect your rights within the critical 3-month deadline.

contract changesemployer contract changesUK employment law

22 min read

Breach of Employment Contract: Your Complete UK Guide

Breach of contract occurs when your employer fails to honor employment agreement terms. Learn your rights, time limits, and what you can claim in UK employment law.

Disciplinary & Dismissalbreach of employment contractemployment contractwrongful dismissal

8 min read

Why Using ChatGPT is Risky in Your Employment Dispute

ChatGPT can harm your employment case. Learn the risks of generic AI, real tribunal failures, and safer alternatives for UK workplace disputes.

ChatGPT risksAI employment lawtribunal AI dangers

9 min read

What Are My Employment Rights?

Understanding your employment rights in the UK. Learn what affects your rights, key laws that protect you, and what to do if they're breached.

employment rightsworker rightsemployee rights

10 min read

Missed Your Tribunal Deadline? You Might Still Have Options

Missed your tribunal deadline? Don't give up. Learn about extensions for unfair dismissal and discrimination claims, what judges consider, and what to do now.

Rights & Protectionsmissed deadlinetribunal extensionlate claim

8 min read

Time Limits for Taking Action on a Workplace Issue

Don't miss your chance to claim. Learn tribunal deadlines, ACAS time limits, continuing acts, and what to do if time is running out. Clear guidance for UK workers.

Rights & Protectionstribunal deadlinestime limitsACAS early conciliation

9 min read

Constructive Dismissal: When You Can Treat Yourself as Dismissed

Complete guide to constructive dismissal in the UK. Learn what counts as a fundamental breach, the legal test, time limits, compensation up to £118,223, and how ERA 2025 changes the rules from 2026-2027.

Disciplinary & Dismissalconstructive dismissalemployer breachresignation

10 min read

How to Raise a Grievance at Work: A Practical Guide

Complete guide to workplace grievances in the UK. Learn when to raise a grievance, what to include, ACAS Code requirements, tribunal considerations, and how ERA 2025 changes things from 2026.

Grievances & Complaintsgrievancegrievance processworkplace complaint

10 min read

Where to Get Help With Work Problems – Your Complete Guide

Facing workplace issues? Compare all your options from free advice to solicitors. See costs, pros & cons, plus how yerty can help you navigate.

Legal Basicsemployment helpACASCitizens Advice

8 min read

Unfair Dismissal: Your Rights, Time Limits & What To Do (UK Employee Guide)

Complete UK guide to unfair dismissal. Learn the 2-year qualifying period (changing to 6 months in 2027), exceptions, compensation up to £118,223, time limits, and what to do if you've been dismissed. Updated for ERA 2025.

Disciplinary & Dismissalunfair dismissaldismissal rightsemployment tribunal

12 min read